Rizal Essays

Rizal Essays Rizal Essay Rizal Essay In the wake of seeing Dr. Jose Rizal’s life through the film, I’ve found out such a great amount about him, beside the regular things. At his more youthful years, Rizal demonstrated such a significant number of qualities and the most significant thing is his nationality. Also, despite the fact that confronted with the unquestionably increasingly predominant Spaniards, Rizal gave no indication of dread. Rizal at his fulfillment of advanced education at Ateneo Municipal even demonstrated that he was unmistakably progressively better than the Spaniards. He completed a Medical course with â€Å"Excellent† remarks.From this his instructive accomplishment, I can truly say that despite the fact that he was viewed as a lower individual, he indicated that he was far unrivaled and more intelligent than them. Rizal’s tranquil method of rebel against the Spaniards began when he was in Spain and his companion disclosed to him that numerous awful things have been occurr ing to Philippines, most particularly to his old neighborhood, Calamba. He composed a novel with the primary character named Crisostomo Ibarra, embodying himself living in a spot to some degree looking like Philippines.It additionally indicated the breakdowns of the Spanish Government administrating Philippines. Having perused Rizal’s epic, the Spaniards demonstrated this as treachery contrary to their standard in the Philippines. At the time Rizal was sentenced for injustice, he demonstrated no dread and stayed in his tranquil arms against the Spanish Government. He stayed solid, even with death. I’ve reflected from the film the nationality of Rizal for our country.Indeed he was an honorable man, for he utilized quiet methods against the Spaniards to tell them that what they’ve done to our nation wasn't right. He was modest in light of the fact that even idea he adapted such a significant number of things he stayed sensible, amusing dependent on the film I†™ve seen he despite everything toss jokes to the Spaniards when others at his place would tremble and he never bombs in making everyone grin and scholarly for he has achieved numerous things and utilized them for valid justifications. In reality Dr. Jose Rizal is the Philippines Greatest Hero.

Markting Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Markting - Term Paper Example ces to be offered in the rest boxes to the clients incorporate draw down seats where clients can unwind for study, dozing conceals that shut out light, forced air systems, morning timers, and water distributors. The organization will likewise give free Wi-Fi web get to, gear stockpiling zone, and electrical attachments for telephone or PC charging. The fundamental serious edge of our organization is the key area close to air terminal. A few voyagers might be new to the city, the rest boxes will give them the chance to unwind and rest. Our organization has a serious edge since numerous guests will keep away from the issue of searching for a lodging or moving around with their things. The area of our organization has guaranteed client comfort and decreased the expenses of conveying the administrations to our objective clients. The organization is situated in leased air terminal offices that are secure and inviting accordingly empowering the clients to achieve interesting unwinding experience. Our organization has situated itself as the minimal effort supplier of per pay hour dozing administrations supplier in significant air terminals. The forceful evaluating system will include charging the client per the quantity of hours they wish to utilize the rest box. The hourly rates will be twice less expensive than the rates charged by lodgings and inns in the nearby urban areas. Our organization will advance its administrations through announcements at the air terminal passage and leave focuses. The organization will likewise use the informal exchange to grow its piece of the overall industry and increase brand acknowledgment. There are scarcely any organizations offering such rest boxes benefits along these lines the organization will expand its objective piece of the pie with no solid rivalry in the business. Our organization will smooth out the administration conveyance process by guaranteeing client accommodation and cultivating client dependability. All the necessary administrations will be conveyed expeditiously and bed sheets will be changed right away. Our organization will have the option to give the physical proof to the clients. Our organization will likewise

Free LunchThere Is None Such Free Essays

There ain’t nothing of the sort as a free lunch† (then again, â€Å"There’s nothing of the sort as a free lunch† or different variations) is a mainstream aphorism conveying that it is difficult to get something in vain. The expression is fundamental to Robert Heinlein’s 1966 libertarian sci-fi novel The Moon is a Harsh Mistress,[1] which advanced it. [2] The free-advertise market analyst Milton Friedman additionally advanced the phrase[3] by utilizing it as the title of a 1975 book, and it frequently shows up in financial matters textbooks;[4] Campbell McConnell composes that the thought is â€Å"at the center of economics†. We will compose a custom exposition test on Free Lunch?There Is None Such or then again any comparable subject just for you Request Now 5] The abbreviations TANSTAAFL (which shows up in Heinlein’s tale) and TINSTAAFL are additionally utilized. Employments of the expression and the abbreviation going back to the 1930s and 1940s have been found, yet the phrase’s first appearance is obscure. [3] The â€Å"free lunch† in the platitude alludes to the nineteenth century practice in American bars of offering a â€Å"free lunch† with drinksThe â€Å"free lunch† alluded to in the abbreviation relates back to the once-basic custom of cantinas in the United States giving a â€Å"free† lunch to supporters who had bought at any rate one beverage. Rudyard Kipling, writing in 1891, noticed how he happened upon a saloon loaded with terrible Salon pictures, in which men with caps on the backs of their heads were wolfing food from a counter. â€Å"It was the establishment of the â€Å"free lunch† I had struck. You paid for a beverage and got as much as you needed to eat. For something not exactly a rupee daily a man can take care of himself lavishly in San Francisco, despite the fact that he be a bankrupt. Recall this if at any point you are abandoned in these parts.? [6] TANSTAAFL, then again, shows an affirmation that in all actuality an individual or a general public can't get â€Å"something for nothing†. Regardless of whether something gives off an impression of being free, there is consistently an expense to the individual or to society overall despite the fact that that cost might be covered up or circulated. For instance, as Heinlein has one of his characters call attention to, a bar offering a free lunch will probably charge more for its beverages The most effective method to refer to Free Lunch?There Is None Such, Papers

WAN Technologies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

WAN Technologies - Essay Example WAN uses private or open system transport like web to associate with the system. WAN can be utilized to transmit information across various LANs on a worldwide scale. Sorts of convention are recognized by their ability to pass on information across various separations (Muller 2003). Ethernet is the most widely recognized LAN convention for the most part utilized in workplaces and homes. Web convention then again is the most widely recognized WAN convention utilized all around. The clients need to utilize solid passwords and execute appropriate security approach to forestall spilling out passwords to UN approved clients who may utilize the passwords to get to delicate data in the framework (Ray 2009). The significant difficulties of setting up a worldwide WAN association are the distinction in time zones and language hindrance. By improving the WAN, the time taken to lead various procedures like downloading significant information will be immensely diminished and upgrade the profitability of the association. As per Marcus (1999), the security of information additionally should be upgraded to protect the information from individuals that should degenerate the information of utilization it for unapproved

MIT Olympians, Part 2

MIT Olympians, Part 2 Trivia: Which MIT Professor was the top scorer for the first US International Math Olympiad team in 1974, and what freshman class does this professor teach? [answer at the end of the entry] I remember sitting in my MIT freshman calculus class back more than a decade ago (wow, I feel old) next to a friend of mine from Singapore. At the time, he was the only person I had ever met from Singapore. He was very nice and extremely helpful in our math problem set group. Later, I learned that he was the top scorer for Singapore at one of the international science olympiads. I had never heard of an international science olympiad. My high school wasnt really big in that sort of stuff. Rather than be intimidated, I took this as a really cool thing. Being at MIT meant that I was going to school with the best and brightest from around the world. I didnt care that I wasnt the smartest person in the class it was great to have friends who were super-brilliant, future Nobel Laureate-types. Sometimes incoming MIT students or prospective MIT students ask questions implying that if theyre not one of these international award winners, that they shouldnt be at MIT. I say, rubbish. Take the attitude I had that its awesome to go to school with über-geniuses, even if (especially if) youre not one. Every class at MIT does have a share of über-geniuses (some, but by no means most, of whom have done these olympiads), but most of MIT is filled with people who are just plain-old really smart, motivated, creative. This years class, the Class of 2012, will formally begin their Orientation on Sunday. Among them will be a number of students who represented the United States in the international olympiads. There are 5 major math and science international olympiads, in math, chemistry, physics, informatics, and biology. In each country theres a selection process to try to find the best student representatives. (For example, the US begins selecting their International Math Olympiad teams with the AMC and AIME exams, the former of which is taken annually by more than 300,000 students each year.) Once the national teams are selected, they gather at a site for the international olympiad, and medals are awarded to the top participants. This year, the US fielded teams in each of the five olympiads, with a total of 23 students representing the nation (the team sizes differ between competitions from 4 to 6). Of the 23 participants, 13 were seniors/rising college freshmen. And of those 13 seniors, 10 are in the MIT Class of 2012. They are: Andrew Liu 12, Chemistry: Bronze Colin Sandon 12, Math: Gold David Benjamin 12, Informatics: Gold Jacob Steinhardt 12, Informatics: Silver Krishanu Sankar 12, Math: Gold Paul Christiano 12, Math: Silver Rui Hu 12, Physics: Silver Shaunak Kishore 12, Math: Gold Tucker Chan 12, Physics: Gold Yuxin Xie 12, Chemistry: Bronze (n.b. There were no seniors on the US International Biology Olympiad team this year, but Gold medalist Mark Shteyn 11 from last years US team is at MIT) Of course, these werent the only MIT freshmen at the olympiads, as a number of our international students also represented their home countries (as my Singaporean friend had). Congratulations to all the participants! Trivia answer: MIT Professor Eric Lander, then a senior at Stuyvesant High School in New York City, scored 34 out of a possible 40 points to win a silver medal at the 1974 International Math Olympiad, the first in which the US participated. After participating in the IMO, Lander went on to Bachelors and Doctoral degrees in math, but then taught economics at Harvard Business School. Finally, after a long academic journey, Lander ended up in biology/genetics, was the first author on the publication of the Human Genome Project, and teaches introductory biology (7.012) at MIT each year. This fall, the class will be every Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 10am.

Who was Truly Responsible for the Corruption on Animal Farm - Free Essay Example

In the Allegorical and Dystopian novella Animal farm by George Orwell, the reader meets an array of characters, all of which represent or symbolize a real person or group of people during a major period of Russian political upheaval. We first meet Mr. Jones who is a human character who represent the neglectful leaders of Russia. We then meet the animals, including, Boxer, Old Major, Napoleon, Clover, Mollie, and Snowball. Then we are shown how the animals are being mistreated by Mr. Jones. The animals then begin to rally and decide that they should not have to deal with the abuse of Mr. Jones. They attack the other workers on the farm and drive the Joness off the farm. Most of the story discusses how the farm is led after the humans are gone. The farm, in many ways, was very prosperous when the revolution began. The animals were given an education, the reading and writing classes were however a great success, which made them feel equal to the humans because they were now learning in the same way the humans did. The farm was becoming more prosperous in that, Everyone worked according to their own capacity, which made the farm a happier place to work in, and the more work was awarded with more food and better arrangements. This all went exceptionally well for some time, yet the upheaval at that point took an extraordinary defeat. The creatures opportunity and singularity were gradually removed. Napoleon removed the dogs opportunity by making them bow, and obey him as it were. The creatures additionally started to have no right to speak freely, raised their voices bashfully however they were speedily quiet by a gigantic snarling, which demonstrates to us that the homestead was never again kept running by every one of the creatures yet rather by the pigs, anything they say is correct and you may not contend. The creatures no all must be the equivalent, which can be taken as uniformity, however it was taken to the extraordinary. The creatures needed to call one another, confidant, and they werent permitted to stand out in the littlest ways, Mollys ribbons were taken, which was fine at first yet then gradually the creatures began overlooking their identity. In my opinion, the failed ideology of Communism was the predominant reason for the downfall of Animal Farm. The message in the book puts the fault on the fizzled arrangement of socialism, the fault is set unequivocally on the despot or dictator government who mislead the animals utilizing purposeful publicity, as done by Squealer in the story. Napoleon is at fault for the savagery and hardship that the creatures persevere. Napoleon and Snowball support and energize the rioting, at first pictured by Old Major. They banter the issues of the ranch, however furtively, Napoleon has no goal of imparting capacity to Snowball. Truth be told, Snowball is kept running off the farm by Napoleon and his dogs after he turns out to be excessively famous and fruitful with the other animals. Snowball truly puts stock in the reason for uniformity, diligent work and equity. Be that as it may, Napoleon, who goes up against characteristics of the people, has no enthusiasm for Snowballs thoughts of enhancing the productivity of the ranch, he couldnt care less if the creatures buckle down, he doesnt do anything, he just advantages from their diligent work, equivalent to the agriculturist did, just it is more terrible, on the grounds that now it is one of their own who is utilizing them, misusing them, brutalizing them, not bolstering them, driving them to work increasingly hard. The philosophy of animalism is imperfect, does not work, and cant work claiming once control is packed in one figure or in government, that control is misused over the general population that it should serve. Add up to control, with focal basic leadership being done outcomes in greater imbalance, more bad form, more hopelessness, more neediness. Tragically, the perfect world that these animals idealized is unattainable, stripping individuals of their opportunity and motivating force to work leaves just the standard of the whip to urge those subjugated to work harder. The severity of the incredible state or government aggravates life far more for the creatures than it was under Mr. Jones.

How Evaluating Critical Thinking Skills Will Turn You into a Great Businessman

Having the ability to examine issues ideas, processes, objects and systems and explain their worth using logical judgment, are fundamental life and learning skills. Just like problem solving, critical evaluation and skills of thorough analysis enable a student to find viable solutions to issues and emerging problems. Critical evaluation skills in particular, are all about fixing problems, finding a way to prove a point and interpret information. The capacity to make an informed decision or evaluation concerning the reliability, validity and worth of opinions, knowledge and ideas is vital in the process. Evaluating Critical Thinking Skills Turn a Student into an Excellent Communicator We all know that today’s business environment is cut-throat. There’s a lot of competition going on, and if you can’t find a way to stand out you won’t make it. Efficient communication skills are paramount; however, don’t get discouraged. Just because you’re a shy person, it doesn’t mean you can’t master the skills. Critical Evaluation Skills Make You a Productive Team Player Do you feel more productive when you work with a team? Do you like brainstorming with other people to craft new ideas? Because if that’s you, then you have the highest chances of becoming an excellent businessman; companies need team players who can cooperate with others. Fruitful cooperation leads to outstanding business results. Your ideas can fit perfectly with your colleague’s ideas, and together you can come up with amazing plans to boost a company’s bottom line. Critical Thinking Fosters Creativity and Innovation Critical thinking abilities help you want to know more and become well-informed. It will also give you a confidence boost, thus ensuring that you’re on the right path. In business, evaluating critical thinking skills are great at fostering discretion and honesty in dealing with stereotypes, biases and prejudices. Increased Competence in International and Culturally Diverse Environments Most business people have different opinions, especially if they come from a different cultural background. The ideas of a businessman from New York City may not coincide with the ideas of someone from Paris for example. And yet, if you have critical evaluation skills you are able to accept new concepts and work with them to fit your business m Inquisitive Behavior on a Wide Range of Issues Is Your Advantage Wanting to know more and being curious is a great benefit in business. Inquisitive business people are hungry for information; the more you know the better informed you get. That’s a must-have trait every company owners, managers or CEOs should possess. Critical thinking Develops Alertness to Unforeseen Opportunities A well-informed, curious and devoted business person is alert and has the capacity to jump in when unforeseen opportunities arise. The more knowledge you gather when developing critical evaluation skills, the higher chances you have to set yourself apart from the competition and make a difference. Do you want to make it in the business world? Do you want to attain success and make your company stand out? For that to happen you need evaluating critical thinking skills. Think outside the box and be willing to do things differently to make a memorable impression on potential investors and employees. About the Author

Perspectives on Assessment of Pedagogical Practices Free Essay Example, 3750 words

Keeping swiftness with the progress of the age, computers and additional tools of communication have progressively established their place within the walls of enlightening institutions. The manifestation of technological speculates and their exercise in the field of education, though, can not mechanically be looked upon as pedagogical innovation. Is it at all probable to describe the expression, and if so, how? Education researchers are inquisitive about the response to this question when they evaluated the function of Information Technology in the ground-breaking pedagogical practice of different countries. Previous to assessing knowledge and opinions in association with ground-breaking pedagogical practice, it is worth investigative how the educational system of the culture is making the changeover to single based information. The altering roles of schools, students and parents in the course of education are vibrantly demonstrated by researchers in the following chart. One of the main outstanding alterations in the life of schools is the break to unreservedly contact information. The first-class paradigm of such proposal taking place is the occurrence of incessantly modernized homepages in schools that have internet connections. We will write a custom essay sample on Perspectives on Assessment of Pedagogical Practices or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page Making contact with between parents and public education has to undergo a noteworthy revolution.

The Act Of Utilitarianism - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1283 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/08/08 Category Ethics Essay Level High school Tags: Utilitarianism Essay Did you like this example? Our actions in everyday situations and scenarios result in either good or bad results. They are based on our own moral observations for whats right and wrong. The theory of Utilitarianism applies to most peoples lives based on personal moral decisions that focus on the positive outcomes it produces. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Act Of Utilitarianism" essay for you Create order In the article Famine, Affluence, and Morality by Peter Singer, he argues that if it is in our power to prevent something bad from happening, without thereby sacrificing anything of comparable moral importance, we ought, morally, to do it. Singer applies utilitarianism as a main ethical theory in his argument to further his point of view in the article. In an opposing view of distinctions between moral obligations, the article Act Utilitarianism: Account of Right-Making Characteristics or Decision-Making Procedure? by Eugene Bales, he argues the importance of maintaining a sharp distinction between decision making procedures, and accounts of what make right acts right. Bales challenges and argues the fact of applying act utilitarianism theory to moral situations and is a weak way to establish a problem occuring. By identifying the use of Utilitarianism in these two articles, one can distinguish which argument is more prevalent to their moral obligations and decisions. As Singer begins his argument in the article Famine, Affluence, and Morality, he first informs and puts the reader in a position where they are reminded of the suffering and poverty people are going through in other countries. Singer applies this by appealing Pathos in the beginning of the article to further his point in emotion and tragedy based on a moral viewpoint. Before Singer introduces his argument he states his assumptions and moral position in the article, following with the statement ?those who disagree read no further. This establishes a firm standpoint in where Singer stands in his argument, because it shows that he values the importance of your moral position and your use of time. Singer shows that we in affluent countries like the U.S. have a moral obligation to give away more than we actually do in international aid for famine relief. He thinks we need to alter our way of life in order to help others. Furthermore, Singer has two main premises in his argument to further his conclusion. His first premises is, I can prevent people dying from starvation by giving more money to famine relief than I do. This leads to his second premises, By giving more money to famine relief than I do, I would not be sacrificing anything morally significant. Which leads on to Singers conclusion for the argument, Therefore, I should give more to famine relief than I do. Singer uses examples such as scenarios and giving to charity as strong inductive generalizations in his argument. He did this to target the majority of the populations similar moral values towards this issue. The sample used in this argument is the U.S. population, which gives very diverse and biased elements that makes a strong generalization in the argument. As a Utilitarian, Singer believes the purpose of morality is to make life better by increasing good things and habits, such as pleasure and happiness, in the world. Singer uses charity as an example, because most of the populations moral generalizations in giving to charity is looked and acted upon in a wrongful way. In the article, (pg. 8 paragraph 2) Singer gives a rhetorical analogy on the distinction between duty and charity as he states, The outcome of this argument is that our traditional moral categories are upset. In other words, Singer wants to emphasize that charity is seen as another form of duty from a moral standpo int of most of the population. This definitely is not the right way to have a utilitarian view, because they do not focus on the real moral importance of giving only based on the positive outcome to others, but only focusing on the positive outcome for themselves. Furthermore, Singers argument is not only intended to appeal to utilitarians, but also to anyone who agrees and sided with the premises of the argument. In contrast towards a Utilitarian view, Eugene Bales argues on the distinction between decision making procedures and what makes right acts right to further his claim that applying a utilitarian act is not necessary. In the article Act Utilitarianism: Account of Right-Making Characteristics or Decision-Making Procedure? by Eugene Bales, he starts by stating his personal intentions to further his position and make his argument clear for the reader. Bales begins with an effective use of rhetorical strategy while presenting his argument. By attacking the analogy, Bales shows the decision making process distinction, and in what makes right acts right are not always similar to applying an act of Utilitarianism theory. As Bales attacks the analogy of utilitarianism and act-utilitarianism, he also evaluates the Utilitarian concepts and guidelines to properly distinguish claims made from act-utilitarianism. For example, he mentions how act-utilitarians apply rules where there are guidelines to their behavior, known as the rules-of-thumb. Bales claims that the rules in no sense are determinative of the rightness or wrongness of acts. The rules-of-thumb generally shift the problem, because a utilitarian has to decide either to follow the rules-of-thumb or calculate and plan a response in the most valid way based on the situation. Bales also mentions how a response based on how a utilitarian response should be could be absolute no help to the person in the situation. In the article, (page 5 paragraph 2) he gives an example of a question and a response from a utilitarian, Ought I in this case to use enough gas and electricity to keep my home warm? As a Utilitarian a response has to generally be a positive or helpful outcome in where someone gains something from it. Response from a utilitarian being If and only if doing so would maximize utility. This response is identified as unhelpful and not what the person who asked the question wanted to know. Their response has not told us whether using gas or electricity would be less than not using them. Furthermore, Bales concentrates on the distinction between ethical theories seen as right-making and decision-making procedures, because the act-utilitarian theory isnt identified clearly and is stated in a weak form. In conclusion, Peter Singer and Eugene Bales give well founded and understandable arguments in different points of view on Utilitarianism. I personally identify myself as a Utilitarian, because I agree with the moral values and generalizations as I continue to understand and apply the theory in my life today. Thus, I have to agree with Peter Singers view on Utilitarianism and claims made in his article Famine, Affluence, and Morality. His rhetorical devices helped further his argument based on his structure and reasoning towards the issue. Singers premises made it clear and easy to understand his viewpoint on famine and morality connecting to a strong stated conclusion. In some aspects on act-utilitarianism from Eugene Bales article, Act Utilitarianism: Account of Right -Making Characteristics or Decision-Making Procedure?, I can come to an agreement with, but his overall standpoint and structure of the article made it hard to follow. As I read the article I felt that I have been reading the same content and claims but in different wording. Furthermore, the act of Utilitarianism applies to most peoples lives based on personal moral decisions that focus on the positive outcomes it produces. By identifying the use of Utilitarianism in these two articles, one can distinguish which argument is more prevalent to their moral obligations and decisions. Ones morality plays a huge role in their everyday decision making processes, its only up to you in how morally important it is from whats right and wrong in your life.

The Portrayal of Macbeth and Lady Macbeths Relationship...

Lady Macbeth is presented throughout the play as a character of domineering presence, troubled by the struggles she faces to fulfil her ambitions and those of her husband s. Her first appearance on stage occurs in the aftermath of the audience witnessing the Witches’ Prophecies, as well as seeing battles being won by Macbeth. Lady Macbeth is portrayed throughout the first Act as a woman with authority over her husband. Yet, as she becomes neglected by Macbeth, Shakespeare uses various techniques to portray this withering of her prowess. Upon reading her husband s letter, Lady Macbeth s reaction is notable. She is adamant to make Macbeth king. Within the letter, Macbeth described Lady Macbeth as My dearest partner of greatness,†¦show more content†¦They delve into the context of how they will commit the act. Following Macbeth s soliloquy and his partner s abrupt re-entrance, Macbeth begins to feel apprehensive about the entire plan. He completely changes his mind, as he claims We will proceed no further in this business, He (Duncan) hath honored me of late, and I have bought Golden opinions from all sorts of people, Which would be worn now in their newest gloss. Not cast aside so soon. This implies that he wants to relish the opportunity to enjoy being respected by the King, and therefore would like to cherish the moment rather than killing Duncan. But Lady Macbeth uses different methods to persuade Macbeth to change his mind. She claims it was his idea first, lambasting him Was the hope drunk, Wherein you dressed yourself, Hath it slept since?. What she is questioning is whether Macbeth can put his own ambitions into practice. Notice that the word â€Å"hope† signifies a clash of two metaphors - on one hand being a person and on the other referring to â€Å"clothing† that Macbeth wants to be in its â€Å"newest gloss†. Then she attacks Macbeth s manhood by calling him a coward, performing a tirade of rhetorical questions such as â€Å"Art thou afeard, To be the same in thine own act and valor, As thou art in desire?. This takes note of how she thinks Macbeth s bravery is not enough to fulfil his ambitions. Furthermore, she uses emotive language to the extent that sheShow MoreRelatedDifferences Between Macduff And Lady Macbeth844 Words   |  4 Pagesfor their family. In Shakespeare’s Macbeth, the essential example of being a woman is Lady Macduff. She cares for her children and will do anything to protect them. Breaking this traditional role is Lady Macbeth who is depicted as unfit for the job of being a mother. She constantly challenges the role of gender through her actions and words. Lady Macduff and Lady Macbeth are designed to contrast each other in order to enhance certain qualities in their character. This relationship is called a foil andRead MoreMacbeth Comparative Essay1150 Words   |  5 PagesThe Power Couple Macbeth Comparative Essay Word Count: 1147 In Western culture today, it is a widely accepted fact that men and women have equal power in a marriage; whereas in Elizabethan times, a woman was dominated by her husband and she would have very little control over her life. The leading omnipotent couple in William Shakespeare’s Macbeth have a compelling marriage with a power dynamic that is beyond the boundaries set by society at the time in which he wrote the play. The directorsRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth - The Natural And Supernatural World1313 Words   |  6 PagesDunn AP Literature 12/3/15 To be or not to be? That is the Question of Macbeth The idea that not everything is quite what it seems is not a new one, and has been explored even long before the time of William Shakespeare; however, the playwright whose name has remained the talk of dinner tables worldwide, did an exceptional job of weighing the plurality of the different forms of the natural world. In the Scottish play, Macbeth, Shakespeare both entertains his audience, and poses questions as to whatRead MoreThe Tragic Tragedy Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare Essay1479 Words   |  6 Pagestragedy Macbeth is arguably one of the most recognised literary works of William Shakespeare, centered on the idea of illegitimate power. Throughout the text, Shakespeare explores the destructive nature of power through various representations and characters, conveying an unceasing struggle for power amongst the main protagonists that causes devastating consequences. Though Shakespeare conveys many different representations regarding the nature of power and the way it operat es throughout Macbeth, inRead MoreLady Macbeth, By William Shakespeare Essay1674 Words   |  7 PagesThe obvious reading of this passage would be of Lady Macbeth as domineering and manipulative in pursuit of her own goals. But that reading discounts the loyalty and dedication she has shown to Macbeth and his success. By encouraging violence through questioning his manhood, masculinity and violence become inextricably linked. This connection essentially defines masculinity as violence within the world of Macbeth. The relationship between power, violence, and masculinity alienate women and power andRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth : Women s Agency2261 Words   |  10 PagesCory Weaver Michael R Kightley English 201 24 November 2014 Relative Masculinity in Macbeth: Women’s Agency William Shakespeare uses Macbeth to show the agency that is created for women when men are pushed into proving their own masculinity. In order to fully understand Shakespeare’s portrayal of masculinity in Macbeth we must first examine the stereotypes of the Elizabethan era that effected Shakespeare’s writing. â€Å"Defining what a female was supposed to be and do was an act of Renaissance cultureRead MoreMacbeth Power Relations3173 Words   |  13 PagesMacbeth Essay Jess Ireson William Shakespeare’s famous play ‘Macbeth’ both reflects and challenges power relations in the context of the seventeenth century. The play centres round the character Macbeth, who is brave, ambitious and has a tendency to self-doubt, and becomes a murderer due to his lust for power. The play focuses on Macbeth’s psyche and his downfall, yet it also portrays a variety of power relations. The relationship between men and women is represented by Macbeth and Lady Macbeth’sRead MoreFeminist Criticism and Shakespeares Work Essay1887 Words   |  8 PagesShakespeare’s works had few females because women were not allowed to act in London in the late 1500s and early 1600s. Disregarding the standards imposed on women of his time, Shakespeare created many female characters that were strong-willed, intelligent, and daring. Shakespeare resided in a world dominated by men, in which women were essentially the means of exchange in power relationships among those men. Feminist criticism is interested in marriage and, gender relations, and family structuresRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Play For King James I, The Tragedy Of Macbeth1200 Words   |  5 PagesJames I, the tragedy of Macbeth. For the last five-hundred years, this highly regarded piece of literature has been studied by countless students and intellectuals. One of the many methods scholars use to interpret a piece of literature is through the feminist perspective. Feminism is defined as the doctrine advocating social, political, and all other rights of women equal to those of men (â€Å"Feminism†). Although one can use a feminist lens to interpret Shakespeare’s Macbeth, the historical perspectiveRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare and Macbeth8813 Words   |  36 Pageshero was to be pitied in his fallen plight but not necessarily forgiven: Greek tragedy frequently has a bleak outcome. Christian drama, on the other hand, always offers a ray of hope; hence,  Macbeth   ends with the coronation of  Malcolm, a new leader who exhibits all the correct virtues for a king. Macbeth  exhibits elements that reflect the greatest Christian tragedy of all: the Fall of Man. In the Genesis story, it is the weakness of Adam, persuaded by his wife (who has in turn been seduced by

Buy a Funeral House. Management Case scenario Free Essays

When one wants to buy a house, several investigations are done in order to ensure that the right type of house has been selected. The same thing is done when looking to purchase a funeral home. LaMarco comments that one must choose between building a funeral home from the start or a desire to purchase an existing funeral home. We will write a custom essay sample on Buy a Funeral House. Management Case scenario or any similar topic only for you Order Now This paper aims at establishing why listing the elements one should evaluate before making a funeral home purchase is vital to the decision making process. LaMarco provides various instructions one should follow when one wants to start a funeral home: †¢ A choice should be made on whether to build one from the start or buy an existing one. Purchasing a new one is clearly the easier choice though one should his own if he prefers custom made attributes. †¢ One should also be educated on the fundamentals of conducting a funeral home such as embalming, transportation of bodies and the coordination of a funeral service. †¢ Certification is necessary and therefore the Funeral Service National Board Examination (NBE) must be taken in order for one to become a licensed funeral director. †¢ Development of a business plan should be a priority since one requires a detailed and complete plan that is designed to get money from investors and enable the individual to establish the business. †¢ A lawyer with experience in the business of funeral homes should be enlisted for the purpose of obtaining the appropriate legal papers such as legal contracts that the future clients will need to sign. However, the selection of the lawyers should be conducted through interviews to determine their competence. Nichole offers several steps required in order to buy a house. They are stated as follows: †¢ One needs to check if he is able to afford the house. Among the factors to be considered, one needs to evaluate how much he can manage to pay for the house, the amount to be paid monthly, how much money will be needed up front and if one is ready to purchase the house. The best way proposed to learn the conditions of buying a house that is getting a pre-approved loan. †¢ Investing in property with growing value is a proposed choice. Some examples are provided whereby a potential buyer who is looking for a house that does not require any repairs or maintenance. †¢ One also needs to check on the amount of credit one has since this is more important than money that has been saved up for a first installment. The emergence of funeral homes all over the world has led to the creation of a social space that facilitates the preparation, display, and communication with the departed in a new way. When it comes purchasing a funeral home, one has to consider several factors based on research of already operating funeral homes. (Kiplinger’s Personal Finance 70). For instance: 1. Find out by conducting research what buying a funeral home involves: This is not so difficult to do. One can easily look for information in pamphlets or books which are readily available on both outdoor and indoor project. One can also check for more information in the libraries, building supplies, or bookstores. In addition to getting information from reading sources like books, one can also go ahead and talk to people already experienced in the business of funeral homes. Here one is guaranteed of first hand information. 2. Invest in a plan: What kind o f a home do you want to buy in terms of size, location, and price? One may opt to build his or her plan from a plan that is already published, but turns out to be what one wants, or one can alternatively borrow ideas from plans that have already been published. 3. Compare different the prices: There can be variation of prices depending on the location of the place and at the same time prices can vary at different seasons. If there happens to be emerge a difference between you and the seller, consider first whether the risk of putting up that particular funeral home in that location is worth the risk, the make the final decision of whether or not you are to go ahead with the purchase or not. How to cite Buy a Funeral House. Management Case scenario, Essays

Current Bibliography for the Hemingway Review †Sample Assignment

Question: Describe about the Current Bibliography for The Hemingway Review? Answer: Introduction William Faulkners story Barn Burning focuses on the transformation of a man from a young man. Faulkner conveys the story in a very unconventional manner by using one of the most defining characteristics of the literary movement modernism i.e. alienation. Whereas Hills like white elephants was rejected by early editors and was ignored by the anthologists until recently. The early editors returned this story and the story were thought like a sketch or an anecdote rather being a short story like Barn Burning. Moreover, Hill like white animals does not narrate a story in a traditional manner and unlike Barn Burning, the story does not have any plot. Comparison and contrasting of authors writing A number of editors who was bewildered about the actual scene-taking place in the act previously rejected this story. In other words, it will take an exceptionally perceptive reader to realize that a couple is arguing about the girls having an abortion at a crucial time when abortions were absolutely illegal and considered to be immoral and usually dangerous. The early objections also cited the fact that, the story of Hills like white Elephants does not have any traditional characterization, which Faulkner has well presented in its Barn Burning. Faulkners Barn Burning from the initial point, made clear characterization through a ten years old-Sarty identifies the crisis of his father yet support him wholeheartedly even after knowing that his father is doing wrong. Faulkner easily conveys it to the readers through thoughts of Sarty. In comparison to Hemmingways, Hills like white Elephants the female has been referred to as simple girl whereas the male character addressed as the man .The story does not provide any significant presentation about the background. The opening setting of Barn Burning emphasize on antithetical loyalties that confronts Sarty. The setting opens up a court, place to make justice for peace, where Abner Snope has been accused of burning the barn of Mr.Harris. Young Sarty has the choice of being loyal to his father who is his blood relative or can innately sense what is right However, in the court of Justice, Sarty immediately convinced that all people present in court is his fathers enemy and fiercely aligns himself with a loyalty to blood and kin. Due to lack in evidence, the charges against Abner Snopes, Sartys has been declined and he his ordered to leave the country. Faulkner presented a harsh image of Sarty in the line he (Sarty) followed the stiff black coat, the wiry figure, walking a little stiffly from where a Confedarate provosts man ...taken him in the heel on a stolen horse thirty years ago (Jacobs, 2015). The reader is presented with insight into Snopes shady past and shows that he has never been a law-a biding citizen. Every conversation in the story of Hills like white Elephants indicates that the man definitely wants his partner i.e. the girl to have an abortion. The readers question his sincerity and honesty when he says, If you dont want to, you dont have to. I wouldnt have you do it, if you didnt want to (Kang, 2012). It shows the man is not convincing. From his previous statements, it was evident that the man does not want the responsibility that a child would entail; in addition, he strongly wants the girl to abort the child and clearly seems to be unresponsive to the feelings of the girl. Hence, both the stories have presented characters of dark shade where both contrast each other. Fualkner expressed the character of Abner Snopes as an abusive and violent to his own family, and a destructive individual who focuses on utilising his energy against the economic and social inequality (Kirchdorfer, 2015). Moreover, authors were expected to guide readers throughout the story as did by Faulkner, however it was not done in Hemmingways Hills like White Elephants . In contrast to Barn Burning where Faulkner has directly addressed their readers, but readers of Hills like white animals are never aware of the authors voice behind the story. Although set in late 19s, this story by Fualkner captures the tension between the rich and poor during the phase of depression. After A rose to Emily, this story comes second among the most anthologized stories. The story reflects major conflict between the capital holder and labourer. The story has been remarkable in comparison to several proletariat fictions in 1930 due to its unbiased presentation and that it does not take any side (Larson, 2013). In contrast, during the late 90s, Hemmingways Hills like white elephants, was one of the most anthologized of the short storys unlike Barn burning. However, the story of Hills like white elephants has fallen into categories of appreciation due to the use of dialogues to convey the meaning of scene taking place in the railway station. Moreover, the dialogues helped the readers to gain adequate insight of the scene without the requirement of description, narration or no specific identification of the intent (Lawson, 2011).Although, there w as no definite idea about the topic of discussion (abortion) taking place, yet the dialogue does not convey everything that we conclude about the characters. In between the conflict of Major de Spain and Abner Snope, the readers might sympathize the pride of Snope family however; no support has been shown for Abners pyromania. While the Majors offense of ruining the property as Ab does to his carpet is understandable, whereas Majors charging of 20 bushels is considered to be unfair and abuse of his power. Abs Son appears as the main character that comes between this Ambivalence, who possesses an intuitive sense of right and wrong and torn by the loyalty of his father . Barn Burning is a coming age story where a young individual Sarty discovers the moral complexity of the world. Playing in such complexity, the ending of story is unrevealed as Faulkner refuses to declare, who-if anybody- is actually on the receiving end of the three explained shots. In contrast, there was not idea about how to react with Hemmingways characters which was not explained. The readers would have more easily comes to the terms with these characters if Hemmingway had described the character of girl significantly by stating, for instance, she spoke Sarcastically, angrily or bitterly or that she was indifferent or puzzled, or if the readers were told that the man spoke with an attitude of superiority. Instead, Hemmingway was so aloof from the characters and their actions, where it seems the author himself knows little about them. The popularity of Hills like white elephants presented a whimsical mood of characters with no obtainable information. Whereas, readers of 1990s was more accustomed to read between the lines of fictional narrative and did not prefer to be told in minute detail as told by Hemmingway. In comparison, Faulkner in Bran Burning significantly elaborated the characters, scenes, conditions and irony in a descriptive manner stating hooks and nooks of the story. Faulkner made strong presentation of characters, clear insight of the scenes making it easily understandable by the readers. The key symbolism of the story considered the barn itself i.e. the question of what the actual meaning of barn burning meant in rural countries until the1940 and 1950. This aspect is integral to appreciate the political aspect of the stories at that time. Fundamentally, burning down of an employers barn is the employers sole way of expressing their anger to his economic exploitation. After all, Snopes are the sharecroppers and the feudal system of employment guarantee to keep their families in poverty. Whereas in Hills like white Elephants Hemmingway does not even specify the relationship between the two characters whether the man and the girl are friends, or married. However, Fualkner in Barn burning has precisely presented the turmoil between the relationship of a father and son. In contrast, Hemmingway has presented the conversations between two unknown characters and allow the readers to draw their own conclusions. Thus, readers probably would assume that the two characters not married: however, if the readers are interested to speculate them significantly, the conversations must be analyzed to evaluate the impact of their marriage, its impact on their life. In order to answer these questions, the readers have to take note of few details in the story, such as their luggage. Their luggage has labels on them from all of the hotels where they have spent nights together. So it raises questions on whether these two people i.e. the man and the girl, to have this child or their relentless wandering that would cease at some point and they would probably have to initiate a new lifestyle. Additionally, it was anticipated from precise note of significant scenes and conversations, where the two characters might have to make decisions on whether or not they should marry or legitimize their child. Given a plot of seamlessly free lifestyle and their relish for freedom, a baby and legitimizing the baby by marriage would impose great changes in their life. In Barn Burning while the Snopes family leaves the town. Sarty though supported his father even after knowing that he has committed crime, consoles himself with the hope that this will be the last time his father has committed the a criminal act and that he cannot bring himself to even think of Maybe he is done satisfied now, now that he has. Deep down, Sarty realize or he is confirm that his father is not going to end his destructive rampage. The ten year old Sarty, cannot comprehend the actual reasons of his fathers deed: that the element of fire spoke to some deep mainspring of his fathers being, and even more specifically, the fire served as the one weapon for the preservation of his integrity . In contrast, we compare the characters of Sarty with the girl in Hemmingways Hills like white Elephants where she is ambivalent about her own choices being constantly influenced by her partner the man. Whereas Sarty, who is confirmed about the criminal act by his father and also know th at he would not stop doing this destructive deed, he is not ambivalent like the girl, yet cannot question his father. Finally, the title of the story is focussed on; where the girl has looked at the mountains and claims that they look like white Elephants. At once, the a tension between the characters starts where the man says Oh cut it out. The girl immediately slips into apology and stating that mountains do not actually look like white elephants- only their skin appears through the trees. Hence, from the mans point of view, hills do not look like white elephants and also the hills certainly dont have skins. From the Hemmingways presentation, the girl has moved away from the rational world of the man whereas in her world of intuition, she is apparently informed that her desires will never be fulfilled. Even though the presentation in barn burning are contrasting, Sarty, in his world of intuition is also well-informed that his father would never be a honest man, and he is virtually powerless to change the course of events in regards to his father, no matter how desperately he desire to do so. Conclusion Hemmingway in his Hills Like white elephants has expected his viewers to judge the entire scene, during the very short exchanges between the girl and the man. The extremely shortness of Hemmingways story makes its points all the more powerful. On analysis, Hemmingways writing is journalistic where he reports dialogues in a direct pattern without any without using any fancy descriptions and fluffy adjectives. However, the author let his readers to assume most out of it. In case of , Burn Barning is a narrative story where Faulkner has seamlessly tied one scene to another. Faulkner is well known for its complex sentence structure and presents psychologically complex thoughts of characters. Such as in his story Burn Burning young Sarty Snopes is being torn between the being loyal to his father and on doing what he innately sense is right. References: Cain, W. E. (2015). Sentencing: Hemingways Aesthetic.Society,52(1), 80-85 Sauri, E. (2013). Faulkner and His Brothers.Studies in American Fiction,40(2), 259-283. Gardoqui, K. E. (2012). Most Likely to Succeed: Seeking Self-Knowledge in the Company of Characters.English Journal,102(1), 76. Jacobs, D. (2015). 14 Beyond Argumentation: Toulmin's Model as a Dialogic, Processual Heuristic.Creative Composition: Inspiration and Techniques for Writing Instruction,12. Kang, S. H. I. (2012). The Perfect Reflection of Hemingway's" Iceberg Principle" in" Hills Like White Elephants.Overseas English,5, 093. Kirchdorfer, U. (2015). Flight in William Faulkner's BARN BURNING.The Explicator,73(2), 115-119. Larson, K. A. (2013). Current Bibliography.The Hemingway Review,33(1), 123-134. Lawson, A. (2011). William Faulkner: An Economy of Complex Words.Historical Materialism,19(2), 137-143. Levmore, S. (2014). Informants, Barn Burning, and the Public Interest: Loyalty in Law, Literature, and Manly Endeavors.American Guy: Masculinity in American Law and Literature. LIU, K. D., LIN, S. R. (2013). Sartys Initiation in Faulkners Barn Burning.Journal of Literature and Art Studies,3(5), 327-331. Nesterik, E. V., Shelestova, T. Y., Ehm, T. V., Temirbulatova, A. K. (2014). Sound Images of Subjective Perception of Time in a Literary Text.World Applied Sciences Journal,31(5), 968-974. Peyser, T. (2013). Faulkner, Jews, and the New Deal: The Regional Commitments of Barn Burning.The Cambridge Quarterly,42(1), 1-19.

Managing Regulatory Compliance In Processes -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Managing Regulatory Compliance In Processes? Answer: Introduction The purpose of this report is to provide an overview of the process involved in performing the threat and risk assessment. The objective of the assessment on Internet of Things (IoT) Risk Management is to provide recommendations to increase the availability, confidentiality and integrity after being providing the usability and functionality. To perform a threat and risk assessment internal and external resources has accomplished. Everything depends on the situation at the time of choosing to use the internal or external resources. The scope of this report is to identify the sensitivity and protect the risk and the system and applications that are included in the assessment. The scope has indicated to analyze the internal or external perspective or both. The vulnerabilities and threats for the specific system and services has identified from various resources. The reports have identified and analyze vulnerability and gathered information and test whether the current safeguards are suf ficient in terms of availability, confidentiality or integrity. This vulnerability analysis will indicate whether the proposed safeguard is sufficient or not. According to the level of risk that the organization poses both internally and externally has graded by the specific vulnerabilities. If there are no adequate protections then it has assumed that there are vulnerabilities. In relation to business, environment threats has identified as the tampering, interruption or destruction of services or item of value and the affects they have on the organization. The report has also highlighted the OWASO Internet of Things top ten security issues that they have faced with IoT devices. It also has recommended with countermeasure to make aware of such threats.This IT risk task is for the intended audience of the management in which a risk assessment about the Internet of Things has provided. Moreover, as a lead consultant, this report will translate the technical difficulties in risk language to facilitate effective decision- making between the business stakeholders and technologists with a scenario provided that of Gigantic Corporation specifically on Internet of Things. The first and foremost thing that had to consider is the cause of the risk that has arises in the organization. Threats of IoT The Internet of Things is an interconnection technology between the people and computers for digitally connected things. However, as a part of the IoT engineering team for an organization Governance, Risk, and Compliance (GRC) group defined risk management organization and the risk data depends uniquely on the stockholder needs (Sadiq Governatori, 2015). For any business, risk management is definitely going to happen in many ways, implicitly or explicitly, reactively or proactively, as a box-checking exercise or competently. Threats are the destruction, interruption or tampering of the services that conceivably happens in a system. This threat has split into a human elements and non-human elements. Human elements include financial or accounting theft, hackers, Electricians, Technicians, trained IT staff, accidental, electronic and physical theft. Non-Human elements include Electrical, Air (dust), Viruses, Plumbing, Lighting strikes, Floods, Heat Control and Fire. In recent ransom-wa re has identified as the main threat of IoT ecosystem that leads to locking of files and a notification will be send to pay a ransom or will remain locked, as it has hacked the devices (Hamidi, 2016). If any professional is able to communicate effectively about those risk, then in that case risk may exist or less likely or may negatively impact the business. The first thing to consider in a business system is to identify the risks and understand the business and without it the system may result to failure (Lee Lee, 2015). The level of depth is concern on the initial review that includes tactical plans, strategy details, mission, and vision for the risk being assessed. Vulnerability of IoT In a system, vulnerability are the weakness of system software or hardware, weakness of the policies and procedure and to the system users that allow the attackers to conduct a Denial-of-Service attack, get access to unauthorized data, and to execute a command (Papp, Ma Buttyan, 2015). The main two components of the IoT system are; system software and hardware. The software vulnerability has identified in software application, control software and operating system. It is very difficult to identify the hardware vulnerability and even if the vulnerability has identified, it is then again difficult to fix them due to the hardware interoperability and compatibility (Rehman, Kriebel, Shafique Henkel, 2014). Many organization faced problem to effectively filter out the false positive from an assessment applications. The result of the false positive can then be mitigated once assessment applications are updated with patches and signature that are stable. The technical vulnerabilities is d ue to the weakness of human because they are unable to understand the requirements to start a project without a proper plan, absence of resources, knowledge and skills, no proper communication between the user and developer, and fail to control and manage the system (Conteh Schmick, 2016). Consequences Attackers attack to gain recompense or personal satisfaction. These attackers could be criminals, governments or hackers that has become a threat to the digital world (Kundi et al., 2014). In search of sensitive information, they attack the network to access the unencrypted data traffic. The consequences results in some of the following cyber-attacks listed below: Physical attacks: The high risk of physical attacks is in the outdoor environment of most of the IoT devices. Denial-of-Service attack: In this attack due to the limitations in the computational resources and capabilities of the memory is low, the intended user cannot get the resources of machine or network. Reconnaissance attacks: These attacks include queries send from the information of IP address, pocket sniffers, analysis of traffic, to scan the network ports. Access attacks: The unauthorized intruder tries to gain access to devices or network that is not authorized to them (Jose Malekian, 2015). This type of attacks has done in two ways. The first way is the physical access to physical devices and the second way is the remote access to devices that has connected to IP. Privacy attack: It has become a challenge to the privacy of IoT as there are large volumes of information available for the mechanism of remote access. Some of the common privacy attacks are tracking, data mining, password attack, cyber espionage and eavesdropping (Jenab Moslehpour, 2016). In certain databases attacker through data mining get access the unanticipated information. The intruder tracks the users location by the UID devices (Kim, 2017). The intruder tries to duplicate the user password through dictionary attack and brute force attack. Through eavesdropping the attacker, listen to conversation done by two parties. Cyber-crimes: The consequences of cybercrimes has found on the smart objects and the internet to achieve materialistic gain through identity theft, fraud, brand theft and intellectual of property theft (Broadhurst et al., 2014). Literature review Protection Mechanisms Employed For Website Security The main thing of IoT is that it sends and receives data that are embedded in the computing devices over the internet. Here comes the security issue, as the data is exchange over the internet. This literature review taken an exam that highlight the OWASO Internet of Things top ten security issues that they have faced with IoT devices and has suggested some of the countermeasures. Recommendation Data Collection: Data should be collected only for critical functionality devices. Proper Authentication: While making any initial setup, the default password and default usernames need to be changed. There should be options available to configure the password control and keep a strong password with the use of a secure password recovery. Granular control access: Whenever necessary to get access to granular control, it is better to ensure that the credentials has protected properly. Encryption: The device should have the ability to update files that has encrypted and transmitted through an encryption method. Conclusion This report concludes that IoT threats need a regular review to ensure the protection mechanism. The report also discussed that the threat has split into a human elements and non-human elements and about the ransome IoT recent attacks. It has address the security requires for an organization related to the availability, confidentiality and integrity. It has found that the software vulnerability has identified in software application, control software and operating system but in the case of hardware vulnerability, it is very difficult to identify the hardware vulnerability and even if the vulnerability has identified, it is then again difficult to fix them due to the hardware interoperability and compatibility. Many organization faced problem to effectively filter out the false positive from an assessment applications. It has mentioned the consequence happen due to cyber attacks in search of sensitive information that attack the network to access the unencrypted data traffic. Therefor e, in the final section the OWASO Internet of Things provided with top ten security issues that they have faced with IoT devices and has suggested some of the countermeasures of it. References Bonneau, J., Herley, C., Van Oorschot, P. C., Stajano, F. (2015). Passwords and the evolution of imperfect authentication.Communications of the ACM,58(7), 78-87. Broadhurst, R., Grabosky, P., Alazab, M., Bouhours, B., Chon, S. (2014). An analysis of the nature of groups engaged in cyber crime. Conteh, N. Y., Schmick, P. J. (2016). Cybersecurity: risks, vulnerabilities and countermeasures to prevent social engineering attacks.International Journal of Advanced Computer Research,6(23), 31. Florncio, D., Herley, C., Van Oorschot, P. C. (2014, November). An Administrator's Guide to Internet Password Research. InLISA(Vol. 14, pp. 35-52). Fysarakis, K., Hatzivasilis, G., Rantos, K., Papanikolaou, A., Manifavas, C. (2014). Embedded Systems Security Challenges. InPECCS(pp. 255-266). Hamidi, H. (2016). Safe Use of the Internet of Things for Privacy Enhancing.Information Systems Telecommunication, 145. Hossain, M. M., Fotouhi, M., Hasan, R. (2015, June). Towards an analysis of security issues, challenges, and open problems in the internet of things. InServices (SERVICES), 2015 IEEE World Congress on(pp. 21-28). IEEE. Hummen, R., Shafagh, H., Raza, S., Voig, T., Wehrle, K. (2014, June). Delegation-based Authentication and Authorization for the IP-based Internet of Things. InSensing, Communication, and Networking (SECON), 2014 Eleventh Annual IEEE International Conference on(pp. 284-292). Ieee. Jenab, K., Moslehpour, S. (2016). Cyber Security Management: A Review.Bus. Manag. Dyn,5(11), 16-39. Jose, A. C., Malekian, R. (2015). Smart home automation security.SmartCR,5(4), 269-285. Kim, J. H. (2017). A Survey of IoT Security: Risks, Requirements, Trends, and Key Technologies.Journal of Industrial Integration and Management, 1750008. Kundi, G. M., Nawaz, A., Akhtar, R., MPhil Student, I. E. R. (2014). Digital revolution, cyber-crimes and cyber legislation: A challenge to governments in developing countries.Journal of Information Engineering and Applications,4(4), 61-71. Lee, I., Lee, K. (2015). The Internet of Things (IoT): Applications, investments, and challenges for enterprises.Business Horizons,58(4), 431-440. Mukati, M. A., Ali, S. M. (2014). The vulnerability of cyber security and strategy to conquer the potential threats on business applications.Journal of Independent Studies and Research,12(1), 56. Papp, D., Ma, Z., Buttyan, L. (2015, July). Embedded systems security: Threats, vulnerabilities, and attack taxonomy. InPrivacy, Security and Trust (PST), 2015 13th Annual Conference on(pp. 145-152). IEEE. Pescatore, J., Shpantzer, G. (2014). Securing the internet of things survey.SANS Institute, 1-22. Rahman, A. F. A., Daud, M., Mohamad, M. Z. (2016, March). Securing sensor to cloud ecosystem using internet of things (iot) security framework. InProceedings of the International Conference on Internet of things and Cloud Computing(p. 79). ACM. Rehman, S., Kriebel, F., Shafique, M., Henkel, J. (2014). Reliability-driven software transformations for unreliable hardware.IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems,33(11), 1597-1610. Sadiq, S., Governatori, G. (2015). Managing regulatory compliance in business processes. InHandbook on Business Process Management 2(pp. 265-288). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

Writing a Sample Essay on Compare and Contrast

Writing a Sample Essay on Compare and ContrastWhen writing a sample essay on compare and contrast, there are a few simple things you need to do. A sample essay on compare and contrast can help you get a feel for how well you will be able to write a study essay. The essay can be written for any class or course at college. You should write a sample essay on compare and contrast based on the same topic that you will be taking in college.First of all, choose a topic from which you will write a sample essay on compare and contrast. The topic may not be a very difficult one. If you have the same class as the one you will be taking, just substitute the name of your class for the one that the topic refers to. The topic should be easy enough that you can write it without much difficulty. In this case, you may not need to use a grammar and punctuation guide.Write a synopsis of your essay. This will help you learn about what the topic is all about. A summary of your topic may also give you idea s on how to express your ideas better and clearer. The summary will also show you how to build your point, but it is important to remember that the outline must be precise so that you know where you want to take your topics and your points.Next, you should write a general idea on how to write a sample essay on compare and contrast. You need to state the main ideas that you are going to use to back up your essay. You should make sure that these ideas are original and should not depend on other people's ideas. Use your own ideas and those that are not from any other source.Include a summary of your main idea. By doing this, you will be showing readers the best way to find out the most important points in your paper. In the sample essay on compare and contrast, you may just list the main points you are going to discuss, but you should add a summary to help the reader. By doing this, you will be able to make readers know which points you will emphasize.One of the best ways to find out t he best way to explain your ideas is to look at an example. Find an example of how you would create an essay to compare and contrast. Then, start writing your own essay to compare and contrast. Make sure that you include all the points you want to make in your essay. Then, add a short summary that helps the reader understand more about the main idea that you are writing about.Finally, you need to finish the essay. Don't just sign it and throw it away. Write a few extra lines to help the reader understand your ideas and to make sure that you covered all the important points that you had discussed in your essay.

Are We Civilized Essays - Democracy, Elections, Cherokee Nation

Are we civilized? We are starting to witness the beginning of a new era. It is full of information and technology, and it will decide how the future is going to be. But despite all our new inventions and ideas that show us how we're better off than the generations before us, have we grown in any other ways? Does being civilized only mean to become more advanced technologically, or does it apply to our moral foundation? It is very obvious that society has developed a lot in learning and technology. Today, we have inventions such as the stealth fighter, the home computer and nuclear powered power plants and naval vessels. Things that were imagined many years back have now become today's reality. Single machines now hold the jobs that used to take hundreds of men to accomplish by hand, so in this sense, we have become more civilized. On the other hand, not all of the inventions that have been developed from the technology world are used to do good deeds. Our great society has allowed the production of many weapons whose sole intention is to create mass destruction and to kill large amounts of life. Many people now live in constant fear of the use of these weapons, while others sit back and enjoy them for protection. We still have as many wars as we did in the past, but now the new technology used in them helps bring about more human casualties. An example of this would be Operation Desert Storm. I was a 23-year-old man, sent off to fight for the liberation of Kuwait and to kick the crap out of a bully named Saddam Hussein. I was the crewchief on an UH-60 Blackhawk helicopter assigned to the 1st Cavalry Division from Ft. Hood, TX. From the time the air war started to the 100 hours of hell we threw at the Iraqi Army, it was never more evident the role that technology played in decimating an enemy and b! reaking his will to win and survive. The pictures that my young eyes saw will forever be burned into memory. Technology was a teacher of pain and suffering, but it was also a savior in helping bring home the lives of many young men who might of not come back in previous wars. Besides the wars, society really has yet to understand other people. Prejudice is alive and burning in the hearts of many throughout our society. Many hate groups are still around today, as they were hundreds of years ago, and many new groups are starting to form and become active. Oklahoma City felt the wrath of some very passionate people who were trying to avenge the loss of comrades to the Federal Government. Many innocent people were killed, and it all boils down to beliefs and ideas. Racism still has its hand around the throats of many in our society as well. It seems that some of the worst racists in our society are the ones who say they're not racist, but on the inside they really are. These are the people who say they're not racist, but they don't hire the East Indian employee who was the most qualified of the candidates. They coach the all white basketball team. They fight over the red and blue colors of bandannas worn around their heads. The worst part is, it d! oesn't even phase them when they are doing it. In the past when our country was just starting to be formed, there were many prejudices just because people were different. Now over a century later, people haven't changed much, which makes me wonder if we really have become civilized yet. Democracy is also something that has played a big part in our journey to become civilized. A democracy in my words is where the people who choose to live under it run the government. And to have a true democracy, everyone must vote! People vote to exercise their democratic rights. If only 70% vote, then 70% control 100% of the government. Voting without adequate understanding and choosing candidates for the wrong reasons are symptoms of voting for the sake of voting and not taking an active interest

How to Prove the Complement Rule in Probability

How to Prove the Complement Rule in Probability Several theorems in probability can be deduced from the axioms of probability. These theorems can be applied to calculate probabilities that we may desire to know. One such result is known as the complement rule. This statement allows us to calculate the probability of an event A by knowing the probability of the complement AC. After stating the complement rule, we will see how this result can be proved. The Complement Rule The complement of the event A is denoted by AC. The complement of A is the set of all elements in the universal set, or sample space S, that are not elements of the set A. The complement rule is expressed by the following equation: P(AC) 1 – P(A) Here we see that the probability of an event and the probability of its complement must sum to 1. Proof of the Complement Rule To prove the complement rule, we begin with the axioms of probability. These statements are assumed without proof. We will see that they can be systematically used to prove our statement concerning the probability of the complement of an event. The first axiom of probability is that the probability of any event is a nonnegative real number.The second axiom of probability is that the probability of the entire sample space S is one. Symbolically we write P(S) 1.The third axiom of probability states that If A and B are mutually exclusive ( meaning that they have an empty intersection), then we state the probability of the union of these events as P(A U B ) P(A) P(B). For the complement rule, we will not need to use the first axiom in the list above. To prove our statement we consider the events Aand AC. From set theory, we know that these two sets have empty intersection. This is because an element cannot simultaneously be in both A and not in A. Since there is an empty intersection, these two sets are mutually exclusive. The union of the two events A and AC are also important. These constitute exhaustive events, meaning that the union of these events is all of the sample space S. These facts, combined with the axioms give us the equation 1 P(S) P(A U AC) P(A) P(AC) . The first equality is due to the second probability axiom. The second equality is because the events A and AC are exhaustive. The third equality is because of the third probability axiom. The above equation can be rearranged into the form that we stated above. All that we must do is subtract the probability of A from both sides of the equation. Thus 1 P(A) P(AC) becomes the equation P(AC) 1 – P(A). Of course, we could also express the rule by stating that: P(A) 1 – P(AC). All three of these equations are equivalent ways of saying the same thing. We see from this proof how just two axioms and some set theory go a long way to help us prove new statements concerning probability.

LEADING KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT FOR ORGANISATIONAL LEARNING Essay - 1

LEADING KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT FOR ORGANISATIONAL LEARNING - Essay Example Nowadays, with the support of knowledge management, numerous instruments and models of knowledge management are obtainable to organizations to acquire competitive advantage. Such development provides power to organization to manage and deal with actual business issues without difficulty. Organizations are in the habit of sharing and having to transmit knowledge to employees. However, there are challenges while transmitting important knowledge. Technology can contribute to the creation of knowledge but cannot stimulate or motivate knowledge sharing without the involvement and commitment of people within the organization. Hence, knowledge management can be viewed as either system or a model which will facilitate the development of processes to gather and share knowledge. Oil companies, like British Petroleum, operate according to the capacity and capability of its human resources, technologies, infrastructure, and natural resources. If one of the components changes, it affects the production, planning, and processes of the industry. In the present global setting, based on the technological and social development worldwide, organizations are obliged to adopt knowledge management systems as an important technique to manage the global competition and to enhance their ability to overcome challenges in their operations regardless of the organization’s size. Hence, knowledge management becomes the most important component for the oil industry. Knowledge of the top management and executives within the oil industry probable to retire in the near future, if not efficiently managed, may result in loss of knowledge or produce vast knowledge gap, particularly in the oil industry. In these circumstances, mere knowledge management can offer ways to solve k nowledge loss. Oil firms, like British Petroleum, were early implementers of knowledge

Law Making in the UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Law Making in the UK - Essay Example Such things as local byelaws or professional rules are delegated legislation. 3. Devolved parliaments such as the Scottish Parliament can pass both primary legislation and also separate legislation on devolved issues e.g. those that apply particularly to their regions. 4. Precedent. ( page 141) This is a legal term in common law. It refers to a decision made based upon earlier judgments. The lower courts base their decisions upon principles which have been laid down in higher courts. 5. Common Law. ( page 189) This term refers to the substantive rules, i.e. rules about which behaviour is allowed, and procedural rules i.e. how things should be done.. Both of these kind of rules judges create and use in court. Common law alters according to changes in society i.e. what society considers to be allowable or not during a particular period. . 6. European Union law. ( page 225) Laws passed by the European Parliament are valid in the member countries of the European Union. Primary legislatio n includes laws based upon treaties and agreements between members. Secondary legislation includes such things as directives and guidelines. Also included are judgments made in the European Court of Human Rights. Question 2 Explain the role of the judiciary in developing common law. Does this role assist with law making? Common law, otherwise known as case law, is case centred i.e. it depends upon the particular cases that occur. This distinguishes it from statutory law i.e. that detailed in Acts of parliament. I t is judge centred as it is the judiciary, at various levels, who make the decisions. Common law develops in a very gradual way depending upon circumstances i.e. which cases come to court. It is based upon precedent, that is what has preceded it. Where a new case presents the same situation as an earlier one then the earlier decision will be followed. It is not planned ahead. It is a system used by the United Kingdom and still in place in many of her former possessions such as Commonwealth countries and the United States of America. The European Court of Justice was established under different rules – those based upon Roman and German styles of Civil Law, but in practice is basing its decisions more on a case by case style, although based upon earlier decisions it has made i.e. it is building up a common law base to be used by its judiciary when making rulings on particular cases.. Hobhouse is cited as saying ( page 190) that common law must develop as â€Å"circumstances change and the balance of legal , social and economic needs change.† Society is in a constant flux and judges need to be able to make decisions based upon the changing circumstances. This can be done by overruling earlier decisions made in a lower court. Lower courts are bound by decisions made in higher courts. Judges are not necessarily required to follow the precedent of earlier rulings. It can be a matter of distinguishing – pointing out particular circumstan ces which mean that somewhat different principles might be applied in a certain case – mitigating circumstances for instance. The disadvantage of this system is that it only works for cases that are actually brought before the courts - the courts only rule on these cases not hypothetical ones that might or might not occur. Some would consider this a disadvantage, but at least time is not wasted considering what might have been. The real

Importance Of Public Relation In Post Modern Organisation Management Essay

Importance Of Public Relation In Post Modern Organisation Management Essay Introduction Communication acts as a mediator in the process of daily human activities. Men are a social animal and hence, they have to be within a society. They all are interdependent on each other and therefore, proper interaction among them is inevitable. Communication helps them in expressing their emotion, motivating, controlling, informing etc (Singh, 2009, p.202). Earlier, during the initial period of human civilization, communication brought revolution in human life, and their lifestyles were improved significantly. However, with increasing complexities in human life, the process of communication has become complex and advanced. Presently, proper and systemic communication is considered as one of the major necessity for social improvements. In the post-modern age, communicational process has had a considerable importance. With the gradual globalisation and modernisation, various aspects of communication have been categorized and their importance has been identified for bring constant impr ovements. Public relation is one of the major concepts that have been derived during the last three decades. In addition, public relation is also an integral part of an economy and its society. The governing authorities and political powers use public relation for communicating their message to the mass population in a democratic society. David W. Guth identifies that public relation has an important contribution in emerging a democratic society as it plays a critical role in the free flow of information in democratic societies (Guth, 2000). During the social crisis, proper communication through public relation is genuine remedy to settle down the prevailing issues. This paper will attempt to present the impact of current trends or future of public relation. The briefing on the stated topic will focus to contribute for the preparations of a TED speech delivered by CEO. Therefore, it is necessary to explain and cover the important aspects of public relation that have significant impacts on public relation related philosophy, issues and multiple strategies for future success. In this process, at first, the importance of public relation in post-modern organisation will be explained. Next, the impact of recent changes in public relation practise will be analysed by focusing on specific areas. The analysis of future of mutual understandings and two way communications are necessary for understanding the future trend of public relation. Next two sections will figure out major issues in public relation followed by a discussion on public relation strategies for reputation management. Finally, the overall discussions, analysis and findings will be conclud ed. Importance of Public Relation in Post Modern Organisation The growth of modern trade and business is major area where public relation plays an essential role. Due to globalisation and technological changes business activities suffered many improvements. The process of communication and public relation has been enhanced with help of advanced technology. The post-modern organisations including non-profit and profit-making organisations have realized the necessity of proper public relation for their organisational reputation and success. It has become very vital tool for achieving the short term and long term organisational goals and objectives. The public relation practises in business organisation is major tasks in marketing activities that helps them in achieving competitive advantage and in developing consumer loyalty. Hiebing has provided a standard definition of public relation. According to him, public relation is the act of evaluating public opinion, and identify your organisations policies and practises with the interests of your audi ence, followed by development and execution of plans that earn public awareness, understanding, acceptance, support and action (Hiebing and Cooper, 2004, p.364). The above stated definition of public relation distinctly identifies its major areas for implementing effective public relation within an organisational process. Identification of target audiences is the foremost task in public relation. Public relation is act of developing and maintaining healthy relationship with target audience as a way of communication.Not being able to identify target audience is a major barrier in incorporating organisational goals and objectives. In the post-modern era, many scholars and public relation experts have presented their perspectives regarding public relation. Some of them offered very general views and rests focus on specific functions and importance of public relation for an organisation. As per the general view of public relation, it is considered as distinct managerial philosophy that helps managers in understanding the target audience for obtaining reputation. On the other hand, specialists in public relation have offered a specific explanation of public relation. J. C. Seidel, one of the eminent scholars in public relation philosophy and understanding has described that public relation is the continuing process by which management endeavours to obtain the good will and understanding of its customer, its employees and the public as large; inwardly through self-analysis and correction, outwardly through all means of expression (Gupta, 2005, p.17). Therefore, the primary importance of public relation is to devel op organisations reputation among the target audience. The target audiences are the people who are directly or indirectly associated with organisation like customers, employees, suppliers, local community, government, shareholders etc. In the post-modern organisation, public relation is important for two major areas of management. Firstly, in case of crisis management, public relation is important problem solving tool. Due to advanced electronic media technology, information travels at very high speed and any bad news like allegation or rumour directly attacks on reputation of an organisation. However, in such critical situation, the management has to take initiative at faster rate, and in this process, public relation is the only tool for managing such crisis (Coombs, 2007). Secondly, in brand building process, public relation is one of the major tools along with value added products or services. Reputation is very important in developing brand image in the mind of target consumers and public relation helps to achieve higher brand image (Blackett and Robins, 2001, p.130). Impact of the Pace of Change on the Practice of Public Relations The pace in post-modern organisation has become faster than ever. Organisational activities have been passing through many significant changes and improvements. This faster pace of improvement has also affected the philosophy and practises of public relations. The growing importance of public relation has led to bring multiple improvements in this field. In the post-modern organisation, managerial thought process and concerns have changed dramatically. For example, in traditional organisation, the business owners used to perceive employees as an expense but in post-modern management, employees are perceived as vital investments. There are five major factors that have shaped the current trend of public relation and these factors have also influenced the trends in prevailing public relation. Firstly, technology is the most important factor in the current trend of public relation practises. The use of internet and social network sites have played very important role. Many companies are using the social network sites like Facebook, Twitter, MySpace, etc to promote their image. The social network media has become major trend in public relation as the impact of social media on the promotion of travel is particularly powerful and growing exponentially (Dilenschneider, 2010, p136). Secondly, due to globalization, the market expansion and exposure of public relation activity has expanded. A multinational organisation in international market faces difficulties due to cultural differences and diversity. In this respect, public relation is the major tool in understanding the cultural characteristics and needs of target consumers which facilitates the communicational process. Thirdly, increasing concern for the society and environment is also major trend. The business organisations have identified their responsibility towards society, environment and community and hence, they are focusing more on corporate social responsibility (CSR) programs. These activities are also helpful in building corporate brand image and for social marketing. In this respect, CSR activities must be communicated to target audiences and this task is executed through public relation practises (Shen, 2006). Fourthly, the necessity of increasing transparency is another major trend in public relation practises. The consumers, employers and shareholders want higher level of transparency in organisation. Companies commit to be more open as the public is demanding more accountability from all of societys institutions (Patrick Harwood.). Finally, the pace of competition has also impacted the public relation practises. Most of the companies have implemented public relation strategies to achieve competitive advantage and upper hand position in market. Future of Mutual Understanding and Two-way Communications Increasing importance of public relation has led to develop certain specific theories and concepts in public relation activities. Johnston and Zawawi have described multiple theories relating to public relation practises and some of the important theories are situational theory, cultural theory, stakeholder theory, relationship management theory, symmetrical or excellence theory etc. Among these theories, the symmetrical or excellence theory is one of the most popular as it primarily focuses on two-way communication and mutual understandings. Johnston and Zawawi have explained that the Symmetrical/Excellence model of public relations theorises that there can be a win-win situation if parties to a discussion are able to reach agreement or at least partial agreement (Johnston and Zawawi, 2009, p.52). Grunig has characterizes this model that uses communication to negotiate with publics, resolve conflict, and promote mutual understanding and respect between the organization and its publi c(s) (Grunig.). The earlier section has explained major reasons that have brought new trends in public relation practises. These factors also lead to enhance the significance of public relation in post-modern organisation. The task of managing a business organisation has been becoming more complex and therefore a better communication process is very necessary for controlling, coordinating and managing. The organisations are more focusing on developing two-way communicational system with their employees, customers and shareholders. The market has become more challenging and it is expected to rise further in future. Reputation risks are major concern for the existing corporation as it determines the stock value. Recently, the issues like WikiLeaks has made the organisations more conscious in maintaining their reputation in market. In this respect, importance of two-way communication and mutual understanding is expected to increase (Trivitt, 2010). Besides, organisations often face troubles due to agen cy problems. The management often fails to communicate properly with the stakeholders and it causes conflicting situations. However, two-way communication and mutual understanding is the primary way to resolve such issues. Therefore, increasing demand of transparency will require better two-way communication within organisation. Issues Impacting on the Public Relation Profession The above sections have analysed and explained the growing necessity of public relation practises in organisation. In future, the complexities in organisation activities will increase and hence, public relation practises will play very crucial role in reputation, conflict and brand management. This fact clarifies the public relation profession will keep emerging and growing with time. However, there are certain underlying issues that have impacted the public relation profession. Most of large and medium size organisations maintain their public relation personnel and they are responsible for building higher corporate reputation among the target audience or public. However due to certain contemporary issues, the public relation professionals encounter hurdles. Firstly, the views and opinions of general public regarding public relation profession is one of the major issues. Target audience and population often interpret public relation practises for influencing peoples opinion by providing, instruction, information and persuasion. This perspective often leads to degrade the public relation profession. However, the primary reason for such negative opinion is due to the gap between the publics expectations and actual performance of an organisation. The people also perceive it as a tool of organisation for image building. People also observe that public relation leads to develop an illusionary nature which causes accountability problem (Plessis, 2000, p.59). Another major issue in public relation profession is job dissatisfaction due to ethical dilemma or conflict. In many organisations, the public relation professional faces ethical issues as the top managements are not serious about the ethical responsibilities. Lack of corporate standards is one the major issues in this respect. Sometimes, the public relation practitioners who have recognised ethical conflicts were likely to leave their companies because the conflicts affected their mental and even physical well being in the workplace (Kang, 2009). When public relation professionals engage into certain specific task in any specialised organisation, they must have sound knowledge regarding organisations core activities, products, technical know-how etc. The public relation professional has to communicate with target audience on the behalf of their organisation. Lack of such information makes their tasks difficult and misguiding. The organisations often fail to provide proper training to their public relation professional (CERP, n.d.). Reputation Management and PR Strategies In the fast changing environment of business, corporate image is one the major criterion for organisational success. Corporate reputation management primarily focuses on the managing the corporate risk within a business environment. There are a number factors associated with business that drives the reputation of a business organisation. Adam Jolly have identified and characterized six major attributes and drivers of corporate reputation. The flowing model portrays these attributes and drivers. Figure 1: Attributes and Drivers (Source: Jolly and Public Relations Consultants Association, 2001, p.31) The public relation professional must identify and analyse the above stated attributes and driver before drafting and implementing public relation strategy. Watson and Noble have developed specific model for public relation strategy which include four phases. The following table presents these four phases for implementation and formulation public relation strategy. Table 1: Phases of Public Relation Strategy (Source: Watson and Noble, 2007, p.56) The above stated nine steps cover the necessary tasks in public relation strategy formulation. The first phase deals with analysis of various attributes and drivers that affects image of a company. The second phase involves the development of specific goals and objectives followed by formulation of communication focused strategy. In third phase, management must choose proper communicational tactics and implement it within cross functional departments. Final phase involves constant evaluation and control the implemented public relation strategy and if necessary, favourable modification should be executed. For developing a comprehensive public relation strategy, there are a number of different approaches available like one one-way communication, two-way communication etc. However, at present, integrated communication approaches is the most popular and effective for post-modern organisations. Integrated communication approaches consider symmetrical or excellence theory i.e. two-way communication (Grunig, Grunig and Toth, 2007, p.302). Integrated marketing communication should not be confused with integrated marketing communication (IMC) as the former focuses on reputation building through communication and later on marketing communication. Grà ¶nstedt defined that integrated communication is the strategic management process of facilitating a desired meaning of the company and its brand by creating unity of effort at every point of contact with key customers and stakeholders for the purpose of building profitable relation with them (Grà ¶nstedt, 2000, p.8). Conclusion This paper has presented various aspects relating to public relation. Public relation is an emerging field with increasing competitiveness and constant improvements due to technological advancement, globalization and economic enhancements. In the post-modern era, there are certain factors that have influenced the trend of public relation. The social networking sites and social environmental concern are two major trends in public relation practises. Issues relating to ethical conflict and negative public opinions are main hindrances for public relation profession that leads to degrade the public relation practises. However, proper public relation strategy with two-way communicational systems is helpful in resolving the underlying issues. In this respect, integrated communication approach is the best and suitable for planning and executing public relation in post-modern organisation as this approach involves the symmetrical or excellence theory.